This inquiry is an ethno-textual critical analysis of a scroll Jiex Sen Borngv, a Chinese document that narrates the legend of the Iu Mien people. The document, also known as the Imperial Decree of Ping Huang, has been interpreted as a history, a fake, and an interethnic negotiation. The investigation proposes a fourth interpretation: the document contains an infiltration pejorative message. The study compares the scroll with three other manuscripts, examining their linguistic and cultural aspects. The aim is to make the document understandable to the Iu Mien, particularly the young ones who do not know Chinese. The study also hopes to stimulate a discussion on the Iu Mien’s ethnic identity, guided by Joshua A. Fishman’s questions: “Who are we?, From where do we come?, What is special about us?”.

Arisawa, T. D., & Phansrisuwan, C. (2023). A Mountain Crossing Passport (過山榜) of the Iu Mien People: An Ethno-Textual Analysis. Journal of Integrative and Innovative Humanities, 3(2), 38–102. Retrieved from https://so07.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/DJIIH/article/view/3482

This thesis presents a comprehensive grammar of the Iu Mien language, spoken by approximately 46,000 people in Thailand, based on data collected over two decades in the Chiang Rai and Phayao provinces. The study is divided into three parts: an exploration of Chinese onomastics, a detailed grammatical description across seventeen chapters, and an appendix with representative texts and metalanguage. The grammar is derived through cultural immersion and monolingual discussions with native speakers, focusing on seven key linguistic principles, and aims to make the language accessible to both linguists and Iu Mien-speaking communities worldwide by providing examples in multiple scripts.

Arisawa, Tatsuro Daniel (2016). An Iu Mien grammar: a tool for language documentation and revitalisation. La Trobe. Thesis. https://doi.org/10.26181/21854526.v1